SCIENCE AND SOCIETY

          ମନେ କରନ୍ତୁ ଆମ ପାଖରେ ଏପରି ଏକ ସ୍ମାର୍ଟ ଫୋନ୍ ଅଛି ଯାହାକୁ ଆମେ କାଗଜ ଭଳି ମୋଡି ପ୍ୟାଣ୍ଟ ପକେଟରେ ସହଜରେ ଭର୍ତ୍ତି କରିପାରିବା I ଆଉ ଆମ ପାଖରେ ଏପରି ଏକ ବ୍ୟାଟେରି ଅଛି ଯାହାଦ୍ୱାରା ଆମ  ସ୍ମାର୍ଟ ଫୋନ୍କୁ ମାତ୍ର ପାଞ୍ଚ ମିନିଟରେ ଚାର୍ଜ କରି ହେବ I କିମ୍ବା ଆମେ ସମୁଦ୍ର ମଧ୍ୟସ୍ଥ କୌଣସି ଏକ ଦ୍ୱୀପରେ ରହିଯାଇଛେ  ଓ ଶୋଷରେ ତଣ୍ଟି ଶୁଖିଯାଉଛି : ଯଦି ଆମ ପାଖରେ ଏପରି ଏକ ପାଣିଛଣା ଯନ୍ତ୍ର ଅଛି  ଯାହା ସଙ୍ଗେସଙ୍ଗେ ସମୁଦ୍ରର ଲୁଣପାଣିକୁ ଛାଣି ମଧୁର ଜଳରେ ପରିଣତ କରି ପାରିବ I ପୁଣି ମଧ୍ୟ ଯଦି ଆମ ପାଖରେ ଏପରି ଏକ ନିଶୁଣି ଥା'ନ୍ତା ଯେଉଁଥିରେ ଚଢି ଅମେ ଅନ୍ତରୀକ୍ଷକୁ ଯାତ୍ରା କରି ପାରନ୍ତେ I  ଏହା ସମ୍ଭବ ହେଉଥିଲେ ବାସ୍ତବ ଦୁନିଆରେ କେତେ ମଜା ହୁଅନ୍ତା ସତରେ ! ଅତୀତରେ ଯାହା ଥିଲା କବିର କଳ୍ପନା, ତାହା ଏବେ ଏକ ନୂତନ ପଦାର୍ଥର ଆବିଷ୍କାର ଦ୍ୱାରା ସମ୍ଭବ ହେବାକୁ ଯାଉଛି I ଏହି ବିସ୍ମୟ ପଦାର୍ଥର ନମ ଗ୍ରାଫିନ୍ I ହୀରାଠାରୁ ଟାଣ ତଥା ଇସ୍ପାତଠାରୁ ଯଥେଷ୍ଟ  ମଜବୁତ  ଏବଂ  ଗଠନରେ ଅତି ପତଳା 'ଗ୍ରାଫିନ୍' ଏକ ଚମତ୍କାର ପଦାର୍ଥ ଯାହା ଆଗାମୀ ଦିନରେ ବୈଜ୍ଞାନିକ ଅନୁସନ୍ଧାନ ତଥା ଆମର ଦୈନିକ ଜୀବନରେ ଏକ ବଡ ବିପ୍ଳବ ଆଣିବାକୁ ଯାଉଛି I    ଗଠନ ଏହା  ପ୍ରକୄତରେ ହୀରା  ଓ ଗ୍ରାଫାଇଟ୍ ଭଳି କାର୍ବନର ଏକ ରୂପଭେଦ I  ଏହା ଗ୍ରାଫାଇଟ୍ ରୁ ନିର୍ମିତ କାର୍ବନ୍ ପରମାଣୁରେ ଗଢା କେବଳ ଗୋଟିଏ

                   The partial solar eclipse on 25th October, 2022 following Diwali has aroused much curiosity in the minds of the people worldwide considering the fact that eclipses are generally the  rarest spectacles of nature and the next solar eclipse that would be visible to India is on 2nd August, 2027, almost five years later. The solar eclipses, in particular, are rarest occasions because they occur over a very narrow belt over the Earth which sometimes fall in the inaccessible places like   the seas or mountains making their visibility to a populated region of the world very remote.         This is the second partial solar eclipse of the year after the eclipse of June 30 and should be visible from Europe, western Asia and northeast Africa and  from near sunrise time  in Iceland to near sunset time in western India.   The eclipse was important because of its visibility to India over a limited belt although for a brief period mostly seen during the sunset. The eclipse s

        When an object is placed between two or more mirrors, the light rays are reflected back and forth several times producing a number of images which are basically images of images. This phenomenon is called the Multiple Reflection of light.  Various devices like Kaleidoscopes and Periscopes make use of the principle of multiple reflections of light to produce a number of images in repetitive manner. While in a Kaleidoscope, the array of images formed due to successive reflections merge together to form different patterns, in a Periscope, repeated reflections in a set of two parallel  mirrors allow the observer to see an object placed at a different height compared to his/her eye level .The number of images formed in two inclined mirrors when an object is placed in front of the mirrors is in accordance with the following mathematical formula:                             n = 3600/θ - 1   where,  n = No of Images formed and   θ = Angle of inclination of the two mirrors in de

  Theory:     When an electric current is passed through a conducting wire, it produces a magnetic field around it. This was discovered by a Danish physicist named Hans Christian Oersted (14 August 1777 – 9 March 1851) in the year 1821. This was the first established convincing link between electricity and magnetism which were previously thought to be as seemingly two different subjects.  When the wire is wound into several turns in the form of a Solenoid, the magnetic fields produced by the individual turns to get added up producing a high magnetic field. (A Solenoid is a long coil of wire wrapped in many turns and when a current is passed through it, it creates a nearly uniform magnetic field inside.) This is the basis of electromagnets which is now widely used in various electro-magnetic devices for many useful applications like motors and generators, transformers, relays, electric bells and buzzers, loudspeakers and headphones, magnetic recording and data storage equipment such as